In the 19th Century, courts considered the plenary power to set immigration policy as belonging solely under the jurisdiction of Congress and the President. Overtime, that power has weakened as concerns of substantive and procedural due process eroded the Supreme Court's deference to the Legislative and Executive Branches. The weakening of the Federal government's plenary power occurred with each new wave of immigrants, it seems. I cannot go into every wave of immigrants, so I've created an infographic laying out the major waves of immigration, what major events correlated with them, and some of the responses to them.